生物特征身份鉴别技术应用及发展趋势

生物特征身份签别是根据人固有的生理或行为特征来识别身份。能够克服传统方法的弊端，安全、可靠、准确、方便，应用前景广泛。本文对生物特征身份签别技术的基本原理、常用生物特征及应用做了简要介绍，对识别系统性能和发展趋势进行了分析。     

花园口水文站水位遥测系统及其在水文测报中的应用

花园口水文站水位遥测系统是一套适于黄河水沙特性、能监控花园口测验河段纵横向水位变化的自动测报系统。系统采用无线自报式工作方式 ,包括 12处遥测站点、1处中心接收控制站、2处中继站和 3处领导单位接收系统。野外的 12处遥测站点分布在上至邙山、下到辛寨的 5 0km河段范围内。在花园口水文站的中心机房可随时查阅该河段内的水位信息。采用水位遥测系统具有以下优点 :第一 ,可以监测、控制较长河段的洪水位演变情况 ;第二 ,遥测水位资料连续完整、及时可靠 ,可弥补人工定时观测的不足 ;第三 ,可为本站掌握测验时机和合理布置流量测次争取主动 ;第四 ,可为本站测验河段横比降的研究提供实时观测数据。     

一个基于XML的个人信息管理系统的设计

首先分析了个人信息的内涵，提出了一个基于XML文档进行个人信息管理的方案，然后演示了一项个人信息的文档类型描述，并在此基础上阐述了基于XML的个人信息管理系统的设计方案和实现思想。     

Correction to Hobfoll et al. (2003).

Reports errors in the original article by S. E. Hobfoll et al (Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 2003[Mar], Vol 84[3], 632-643). On page 643, in the tables for Appendixes B and C, the variables labeled with "T3" should all read "T2." In Appendix C, the column headings "Nonlinear model" should read "Nonlinear model T1"; the column headings "Linear model" should read "Nonlinear model T2." These changes do not affect the findings, interpretations, or conclusions. (The following abstract of this article originally appeared in record 2003-01588-018): The authors examined a dynamic conceptualization of stress by investigating how economic stress, measured in terms of material loss, alters women's personal and social resources and how these changed resources impact anger and depressive mood. Resource change in women's mastery and social support over 9 months was significantly associated with changes in depressive mood and anger among 714 inner city women. Greater loss of mastery and social support was associated with increased depressive mood and anger. Loss of mastery and social support also mediated the impact of material loss on depressive mood and anger. Resource loss and worsening economic circumstances had more negative impact than resource gain... (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A multimethodological analysis of cumulative risk and allostatic load among rural children.

This study merged two theoretical constructs: cumulative risk and allostatic load. Physical (crowding, noise, housing quality) and psychosocial (child separation, turmoil, violence) aspects of the home environment and personal characteristics (poverty, single parenthood, maternal high school dropout status) were modeled in a cumulative risk heuristic. Elevated cumulative risk was associated with heightened cardiovascular and neuroendocrine parameters, increased deposition of body fat, and a higher summary index of total allostatic load. Previous findings that children who face more cumulative risk have greater psychological distress were replicated among a sample of rural children and shown to generalize to lower perceptions of self-worth. Prior cumulative risk research was further extended through demonstration of self-regulatory behavior problems and elevated learned helplessness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

牙轮钻机微机控制系统

介绍了牙轮钻机自动控制系统的特点，探讨了牙轮钻机微机控制系统的功能及其构成。     

Negative self-efficacy and goal effects revisited.

The authors address the verification of the functional properties of self-efficacy beliefs and document how self-efficacy beliefs operate in concert with goal systems within a sociocognitive theory of self-regulation in contrast to the focus of control theory on discrepancy reduction. Social cognitive theory posits proactive discrepancy production by adoption of goal challenges working in concert with reactive discrepancy reduction in realizing them. Converging evidence from diverse methodological and analytic strategies verifies that perceived self-efficacy and personal goals enhance motivation and performance attainments. The large body of evidence, as evaluated by 9 meta-analyses for the effect sizes of self-efficacy beliefs and by the vast body of research on goal setting, contradicts findings (J. B. Vancouver, C. M. Thompson, & A. A. Williams, 2001, J. B. Vancouver, C. M. Thompson. E. C. Tischner, & D. J. Putka, 2002) that belief in one's capabilities and personal goals is self-debilitating. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Effects of Segregation and the Consequences of Desegregation A (September 1952) Social Science Statement in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court Case.

This statement was an appendix to the appellants' briefs in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, Briggs v. Elliott, and Davis v. Prince Edward County, Virginia, cases. The statement offers definitions of segregation and discusses the implications and potential effects of segregation on children both in minority and majority groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personalizing Politics: A Congruency Model of Political Preference.

Modern politics become personalized as individual characteristics of voters and candidates assume greater importance in political discourse. Although personalities of candidates capture center stage and become the focus of voters' preferences, individual characteristics of voters, such as their traits and values, become decisive for political choice. The authors' findings reveal that people vote for candidates whose personality traits are in accordance with the ideology of their preferred political party. They also select politicians whose traits match their own traits. Moreover, voters' traits match their own values. The authors outline a congruency model of political preference that highlights the interacting congruencies among voters' self-reported traits and values, voters' perceptions of leaders' personalities, politicians' self-reported traits, and programs of favored political coalitions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Classifying plant operator maintenance proficiency: Examining personal variables

For plant managers in charge of personnel recruitment, selecting the ideal plant operative rests upon the operator's proficiency and the manager's intuition and judgement. Research modelling of plant operators' maintenance proficiency was used to provide a classification tool to assist managers select the best operative. Three models were produced and evaluated in order to ascertain model robustness, efficiency and validity. The most efficient model used three personal attributes: years of relevant working experience on the machine, personal disposition and operator reliability. Validation statistics revealed that there was no significant difference between actual and predicted classifications and therefore the predictions were shown to be both reliable and robust. Future work is proposed that aims to model other factors that influence operator maintenance proficiency: work environment, motivational management, and training and educational factors.